This review provides a perspective on the use of isotope engineering for quantum computation and sensing using silicon and diamond. Similar to the case of silicon, the enrichment of diamond by the nuclear-spin-free 12C stable isotope preserves the quantum information in the NV centers. This discovery was followed immediately by studies to use NV qubits for quantum computing and sensing (metrology). At around the same time, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond was identified as a single qubit that could be operational at room temperature. Other researchers, including one of the present authors, have suggested that 29Si nuclear spins could be employed as qubits if their positions can be controlled at the atomic level in a 28Si host. Such elimination of background host nuclear spins is not possible with widely studied III-Vsemiconduc-tor quantum structures. The importance of eliminating background 29Si nuclear spins (4.7% isotopic abundance in naturally available silicon) was suggested because 29Si nuclear spins could act as a source of magnetic noise, disturbing the 31P nuclear spin quantum information. Here, the use of the single 31P nuclear spin in each phosphorus donor placed in silicon as a quantum bit (qubit) was introduced. Kane who foresaw its importance in quantum computation applications in 1998. Although isotope engineering has been employed over the past two decades to understand the basic properties of semiconductors, it was B.
This paper describes the present status and future of silicon quantum-computing and diamond quantum-sensing research, from the point of view of materials scientists who have been developing the isotope engineering of silicon and diamond.
The realization of quantum computers and sensors in industrially compatible solid-state platforms such as silicon and diamond will allow their integration with state-of-the-art classical devices such as silicon-integrated circuits, compound semiconductor lasers and photodiodes, metallic magnetic mediums, and microelec-tromechanical systems. Quantum computing and sensing are emerging concepts that can surpass the theoretical achievable limit of current classical computing and sensing technologies.
0 kommentar(er)
